亏损

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亏损 [2025/08/11 23:42] – created xiaoer亏损 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== kuīsǔn: 亏损 - Financial Loss, Deficit ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** kuīsǔn, 亏损, Chinese for loss, business loss in Chinese, financial deficit, company loss, what does kuisun mean, kuisun example, 亏, 损, profit and loss in Chinese +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese business term **亏损 (kuīsǔn)**, which means "financial loss" or "deficit." This page breaks down the characters 亏 and 损, explains how the concept of loss is viewed in modern Chinese business culture, and provides numerous practical examples. Understanding **亏损** is crucial for anyone discussing finance, economics, or running a company in China, clearly distinguishing it from its opposite, 盈利 (yínglì) or "profit." +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** kuīsǔn +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb / Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To suffer a financial loss; a deficit. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **亏损 (kuīsǔn)** is the standard, formal term for a financial loss in an accounting or business sense. Think of a company's annual report: if expenses exceed income, the company is in a state of **亏损**. It carries a serious, negative connotation and is the direct opposite of making a profit. While it can apply to personal investments, it's most frequently heard in the world of business, finance, and economics. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **亏 (kuī):** This character's core meaning is "deficiency," "lack," or "to owe." A common related word is [[吃亏]] (chīkuī), which means "to suffer a loss" in a broader sense, like being taken advantage of. So, **亏** sets the foundation of being in a state of shortage. +
-  * **损 (sǔn):** This character means "to decrease," "to damage," or "to harm." You can see it in words like [[损坏]] (sǔnhuài), meaning "to damage" or "to break." **损** adds the idea of reduction or damage to the overall concept. +
-When combined, **亏损 (kuīsǔn)** literally translates to "deficient and damaged" or "lacking and decreasing." This powerful combination perfectly captures the modern meaning of a financial deficit where a company's assets or value has been reduced. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In a culture that highly values stability, saving, and demonstrable success, **亏损 (kuīsǔn)** is more than just a number on a spreadsheet; it can be a source of significant stress and "loss of face" ([[面子]], miànzi). +
-While the Western "fail fast" startup culture often views temporary losses as a necessary part of growth (i.e., burning cash to gain market share), the traditional Chinese business mindset is often more risk-averse. A state of **亏损** can be seen as a direct reflection of poor management or a flawed strategy. For state-owned enterprises (SOEs), consistent **亏损** can have serious career implications for leadership. +
-However, with the rise of China's tech and venture capital scene, this attitude is evolving. Ambitious startups, like their Silicon Valley counterparts, may now strategically operate at a **亏损** to rapidly scale. Nevertheless, the ultimate goal is always the celebrated milestone of **扭亏为盈 (niǔ kuī wéi yíng)**—"turning a loss into a profit," which is a frequent and praiseworthy headline in Chinese financial news. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**亏损** is a formal and specific term. You'll encounter it most often in the following contexts: +
-  * **Business and Financial Reporting:** This is its primary domain. It's used in annual/quarterly reports, news articles about corporate performance, and economic analysis. +
-  * **Investment:** An investor might talk about their stock portfolio being in a state of **亏损**. +
-  * **Formal Discussions:** In a business meeting, a manager would use **亏损** to describe the company's financial state, rather than a more colloquial term. +
-It's important to know that in casual, everyday conversation, people are more likely to use the simpler phrase **赔钱了 (péi qián le)**, which literally means "lost money," to talk about a bad business deal or a failed venture. **亏损** is the official accounting term; **赔钱** is the everyday experience. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 由于成本上升，我们公司去年**亏损**了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yóuyú chéngběn shàngshēng, wǒmen gōngsī qùnián **kuīsǔn** le. +
-    * English: Due to rising costs, our company suffered a loss last year. +
-    * Analysis: A standard, formal sentence you might hear in a business meeting explaining poor performance. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 这家航空公司已经连续三个季度**亏损**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā hángkōng gōngsī yǐjīng liánxù sān gè jìdù **kuīsǔn**. +
-    * English: This airline has been operating at a loss for three consecutive quarters. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **亏损** is used as a verb describing the company's state over a period. This is common in financial news. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 他们的目标是在明年**扭亏为盈**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tāmen de mùbiāo shì zài míngnián **niǔ kuī wéi yíng**. +
-    * English: Their goal is to turn a loss into a profit next year. +
-    * Analysis: This example uses the highly common and important idiom **扭亏为盈 (niǔ kuī wéi yíng)**, which literally means "to turn a deficit into a surplus." +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 公司的**亏损**总额达到了五百万人民币。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī de **kuīsǔn** zǒng'é dádàole wǔbǎi wàn Rénmínbì. +
-    * English: The company's total loss reached five million RMB. +
-    * Analysis: In this sentence, **亏损** functions as a noun, meaning "the loss" or "the deficit." +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 很多新能源汽车公司目前仍处于**亏损**状态。 +
-    * Pinyin: Hěn duō xīn néngyuán qìchē gōngsī mùqián réng chǔyú **kuīsǔn** zhuàngtài. +
-    * English: Many new energy vehicle companies are still in a state of loss at present. +
-    * Analysis: The phrase **处于...状态 (chǔyú...zhuàngtài)**, "to be in a state of...," is often paired with **亏损**. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 投资股票的风险之一就是可能面临严重的**亏损**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tóuzī gǔpiào de fēngxiǎn zhī yī jiùshì kěnéng miànlín yánzhòng de **kuīsǔn**. +
-    * English: One of the risks of investing in stocks is that you might face serious losses. +
-    * Analysis: Shows **亏损** used as a noun in the context of personal investment risk. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 为了减少**亏损**，公司决定裁员。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wèile jiǎnshǎo **kuīsǔn**, gōngsī juédìng cáiyuán. +
-    * English: In order to reduce losses, the company decided to lay off employees. +
-    * Analysis: A common cause-and-effect sentence in a business context. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 这个项目从一开始就在**亏损**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège xiàngmù cóng yī kāishǐ jiù zài **kuīsǔn**. +
-    * English: This project has been losing money from the very beginning. +
-    * Analysis: **在亏损 (zài kuīsǔn)** indicates an ongoing action or state, "is losing money." +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 政府为**亏损**的国有企业提供了补贴。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ wèi **kuīsǔn** de guóyǒu qǐyè tígōngle bǔtiē. +
-    * English: The government provided subsidies for the loss-making state-owned enterprises. +
-    * Analysis: **亏损的 (kuīsǔn de)** is used as an adjective here, modifying "state-owned enterprises." +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 如果销售额不能提高，我们将继续**亏损**下去。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ xiāoshòu'é bùnéng tígāo, wǒmen jiāng jìxù **kuīsǔn** xiàqù. +
-    * English: If sales volume cannot be increased, we will continue to suffer losses. +
-    * Analysis: **继续...下去 (jìxù...xiàqù)** emphasizes the continuation of the negative state of **亏损**. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **亏损 (kuīsǔn) vs. 赔钱 (péi qián):** This is the most important distinction. +
-    * **亏损** is a formal, accounting term for a deficit over a period. It's objective and technical. You use it in financial statements. +
-    * **赔钱 (péi qián)** is colloquial and transactional. It means "to lose money" on a specific deal or venture. For example: "我卖这辆车赔钱了" (Wǒ mài zhè liàng chē péi qián le - I lost money selling this car). You would not say you "亏损了" in this case. +
-  * **亏损 (kuīsǔn) vs. 吃亏 (chīkuī):** +
-    * **亏损** is strictly about a financial or material deficit. +
-    * **吃亏 (chīkuī)** is about being taken advantage of, getting a bad deal, or suffering a non-financial loss. It's subjective. If you pay 100 RMB for something worth 50 RMB, you can say "我吃亏了" (Wǒ chīkuī le - I got ripped off). Your personal finances didn't necessarily go into a deficit, but you suffered a disadvantage. +
-  * **Common Mistake:** Do not use **亏损** for misplacing money or items. If you lose your wallet, the correct phrase is **丢了钱包 (diūle qiánbāo)**, not "我亏损了我的钱包". **亏损** is about a negative balance, not physical loss. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * **[[盈利]] (yínglì):** (Antonym) Profit; to make a profit. The direct opposite of **亏损**. +
-  * **[[赤字]] (chìzì):** (Synonym) Deficit. A very formal, technical term literally meaning "red character," from the old accounting practice of writing losses in red ink. Often used for government budget deficits. +
-  * **[[赔钱]] (péi qián):** (Colloquial) To lose money. The informal, everyday equivalent for a failed transaction or business venture. +
-  * **[[亏本]] (kuīběn):** To lose one's principal/capital. This is very close to **亏损** but specifically emphasizes that the selling price was below the initial cost. +
-  * **[[扭亏为盈]] (niǔ kuī wéi yíng):** (Idiom) To turn a loss into a profit. A key phrase in business news and reports. +
-  * **[[损失]] (sǔnshī):** Loss; damage. A broader term that can refer to financial loss, but also physical damage, loss of life, or abstract loss (e.g., reputational loss). **亏损** is a specific type of **损失**. +
-  * **[[负债]] (fùzhài):** Debt; liabilities. Related but different. A company can have debt but still be profitable. **亏损** is about the profit/loss statement, while **负债** is on the balance sheet. +
-  * **[[吃亏]] (chīkuī):** To be at a disadvantage; to suffer a loss (often in an unfair or social sense). Not an accounting term.+