弄坏

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弄坏 [2025/08/11 11:13] – created xiaoer弄坏 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== nònghuài: 弄坏 - To Break, Damage, Ruin ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** nonghuai, nòng huài, 弄坏, how to say break in Chinese, what does nong huai mean, Chinese word for damage, Chinese for mess up, Chinese verb for ruin, 弄 (nòng) meaning, 坏 (huài) meaning, Chinese grammar, resultative complement. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese verb **弄坏 (nòng huài)**, meaning "to break," "to damage," or "to ruin." This page provides a deep dive into its meaning, character breakdown, and practical use in modern China. Discover how **弄坏 (nòng huài)** is used for everything from a broken phone to a messed-up plan, and understand its nuances compared to other words like **打破 (dǎ pò)**. With over 10 example sentences and analysis, you'll master this common HSK 3 term. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** nòng huài +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb (Resultative Compound) +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To cause something to become broken or damaged through handling or action. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **弄坏 (nòng huài)** is one of the most common ways to say you broke something in Chinese. It's a combination of **弄 (nòng)**, "to do/handle/mess with," and **坏 (huài)**, "bad/broken." Think of it as "to mess with something until it's broken." It's incredibly versatile and can be used for physical objects, abstract plans, or even relationships. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **弄 (nòng):** This character means "to do," "to make," or "to handle." It often implies a hands-on, sometimes careless, action. Imagine someone fiddling with a gadget—that's the feeling of **弄**. +
-  * **坏 (huài):** This character means "bad," "broken," or "spoiled." It represents the negative outcome or state. +
-When combined, **弄坏 (nòng huài)** literally means "to handle to the point of being broken." It's a perfect example of a Chinese resultative verb, where the first character is the action (**弄**) and the second is the result (**坏**). +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While **弄坏 (nòng huài)** doesn't carry deep philosophical weight, its usage reveals something about expressing responsibility in Chinese culture. Using **弄坏** subtly implies agency and action. Saying "**我把手机弄坏了**" (Wǒ bǎ shǒujī nòng huài le) - "I broke the phone" - takes direct responsibility for the action that led to the damage. +
-This can be contrasted with the English passive-sounding phrase, "My phone broke." The Chinese equivalent, "**我的手机坏了**" (Wǒ de shǒujī huài le), simply states the fact that the phone is in a broken state, removing the actor. Choosing between "**弄坏了**" (someone broke it) and "**坏了**" (it is broken) is a subtle way to assign or deflect responsibility. **弄坏** is direct and focuses on the "how," while **坏了** is indirect and focuses on the "what." This choice can be important in situations where saving face (面子 - miànzi) is a consideration. Admitting you **弄坏** something is a direct admission of fault. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**弄坏 (nòng huài)** is an extremely common, everyday word used in informal and semi-formal contexts. +
-  *   **Daily Conversations:** It's the go-to term for breaking household items, electronics, toys, etc. It's what a parent might say to a child, or what you'd tell a friend about your broken laptop. +
-  *   **Abstract Situations:** Beyond physical objects, it can mean "to mess up" or "ruin" a situation, a plan, or even a relationship. For example, you can **弄坏** a good mood (把气氛弄坏了 - bǎ qìfēn nòng huài le). +
-  *   **Connotation:** The connotation is generally neutral to slightly negative. The use of **弄 (nòng)** can sometimes carry a hint of carelessness or fiddling, making it sound a bit less formal or accidental than the more serious, written term **损坏 (sǔnhuài)**. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-  * 小心点，别把我的相机**弄坏**了！ +
-  * Pinyin: Xiǎoxīn diǎn, bié bǎ wǒ de xiàngjī **nòng huài** le! +
-  * English: Be careful, don't break my camera! +
-  * Analysis: A classic warning. The structure `别把 + [Object] + 弄坏了` (bié bǎ... nòng huài le) is a very common way to tell someone not to break something. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-  * 对不起，我不小心把你的杯子**弄坏**了。 +
-  * Pinyin: Duìbuqǐ, wǒ bù xiǎoxīn bǎ nǐ de bēizi **nòng huài** le. +
-  * English: I'm sorry, I accidentally broke your cup. +
-  * Analysis: This is a great example of taking responsibility. The phrase `不小心` (bù xiǎoxīn), "accidentally," softens the blame. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-  * 我的电脑好像被我**弄坏**了，开不了机。 +
-  * Pinyin: Wǒ de diànnǎo hǎoxiàng bèi wǒ **nòng huài** le, kāi bu liǎo jī. +
-  * English: It seems like my computer was broken by me, it won't turn on. +
-  * Analysis: Here, the passive structure `被` (bèi) is used to emphasize that the computer was the recipient of the breaking action. `开不了机` (kāi bu liǎo jī) is a common phrase for a device that won't boot up. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-  * 是谁把玩具**弄坏**的？ +
-  * Pinyin: Shì shéi bǎ wánjù **nòng huài** de? +
-  * English: Who broke the toy? +
-  * Analysis: The `是...的` (shì...de) structure is used here to seek specific information about the past event—in this case, //who// was the one that did the breaking. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-  * 他总是把事情**弄坏**，我们不能再相信他了。 +
-  * Pinyin: Tā zǒngshì bǎ shìqing **nòng huài**, wǒmen bùnéng zài xiāngxìn tā le. +
-  * English: He always messes things up, we can't trust him anymore. +
-  * Analysis: An excellent example of **弄坏** used abstractly. Here, it means "to ruin" or "mess up" a situation (事情 - shìqing). +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-  * 如果你一直这样玩手机，迟早会把它**弄坏**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Rúguǒ nǐ yīzhí zhèyàng wán shǒujī, chízǎo huì bǎ tā **nòng huài**. +
-  * English: If you keep playing with your phone like this, you'll break it sooner or later. +
-  * Analysis: `迟早` (chízǎo) means "sooner or later." This sentence shows how **弄坏** can be used to talk about a future possibility. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-  * 这台洗衣机是不是被你**弄坏**了？ +
-  * Pinyin: Zhè tái xǐyījī shì bu shì bèi nǐ **nòng huài** le? +
-  * English: Did you break this washing machine? +
-  * Analysis: A direct question of accusation. The `是不是` (shì bu shì) structure turns the statement into a yes/no question. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-  * 我弟弟很淘气，已经**弄坏**三个遥控器了。 +
-  * Pinyin: Wǒ dìdi hěn táoqì, yǐjīng **nòng huài** sān ge yáokòngqì le. +
-  * English: My little brother is very naughty, he has already broken three remote controls. +
-  * Analysis: Shows a repeated action. `淘气` (táoqì) is a perfect adjective for a kid who is likely to **弄坏** things. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-  * 他的一句玩笑话把整个气氛都**弄坏**了。 +
-  * Pinyin: Tā de yí jù wánxiàohuà bǎ zhěnggè qìfēn dōu **nòng huài** le. +
-  * English: A single joke from him ruined the entire atmosphere. +
-  * Analysis: Another abstract usage. Here, a good atmosphere/vibe (`气氛` - qìfēn) is the "thing" that was "broken" or ruined. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-  * 这个拉链有点问题，我怕再拉会把它**弄坏**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Zhège lāliàn yǒudiǎn wèntí, wǒ pà zài lā huì bǎ tā **nòng huài**. +
-  * English: This zipper has a bit of a problem, I'm afraid if I pull it again I'll break it. +
-  * Analysis: This shows fear or apprehension about potentially breaking something. `怕` (pà) means "to fear" or "to be afraid of." +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  *   **弄坏 (nòng huài) vs. 坏了 (huài le):** This is the most common point of confusion. +
-    *   **弄坏 (nòng huài)** is a //verb phrase// describing the //action// of breaking something. It requires an actor. -> "**I** broke the glass." (我**弄坏**了杯子。) +
-    *   **坏了 (huài le)** is an //adjective phrase// describing the //state// of being broken. It describes the object itself. -> "The glass is broken." (杯子**坏了**。) +
-    *   **Mistake:** Saying "我的手机弄坏了" is slightly unnatural. It's better to say "我把手机弄坏了" (I broke my phone) or "我的手机坏了" (My phone is broken). +
-  *   **弄坏 (nòng huài) vs. 打破 (dǎ pò):** These are not always interchangeable. +
-    *   **弄坏 (nòng huài)** is general purpose. It works for electronics, toys, zippers, plans, and relationships. +
-    *   **打破 (dǎ pò)** is more specific. It means "to break by hitting" and usually implies shattering. It's used for glass, windows, plates, bowls, and also for breaking records (打破记录 - dǎpò jìlù) or silence (打破沉默 - dǎpò chénmò). You **打破** a cup, but you **弄坏** a computer. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[坏了]] (huài le) - Is broken. The resulting state after something has been **弄坏**. +
-  *   [[打破]] (dǎ pò) - To shatter; to break (by hitting). A more specific way of breaking something fragile. +
-  *   [[损坏]] (sǔnhuài) - To damage. A more formal and often written synonym for **弄坏**, used in reports or official notices. +
-  *   [[搞砸]] (gǎo zá) - To screw up, to botch. A colloquial synonym for the abstract sense of **弄坏**, used for plans and situations. +
-  *   [[修]] (xiū) - To repair, to fix. The direct antonym of **弄坏**. +
-  *   [[修理]] (xiūlǐ) - To repair, to fix (often implies more professional repair). +
-  *   [[糟糕]] (zāogāo) - Terrible, what a mess! An exclamation you might use when you discover something has been **弄坏**. +
-  *   [[弄]] (nòng) - The versatile action verb "to do, make, handle." Understanding this character is key to many resultative verbs.+