恶化

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恶化 [2025/08/10 03:10] – created xiaoer恶化 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== èhuà: 恶化 - To Worsen, Deteriorate ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** ehua, 恶化, worsen in Chinese, deteriorate in Chinese, Chinese verb for getting worse, èhuà meaning, how to say situation is worsening in Chinese, aggravate, degenerate, HSK 5 +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese verb **恶化 (èhuà)**, which means "to worsen" or "deteriorate." This page provides a comprehensive guide for beginners, covering its meaning, character breakdown, cultural context, and practical examples. Understand how to use **恶化 (èhuà)** to discuss serious situations in health, relationships, or the environment, and learn the key difference between **恶化** and similar words like **变坏 (biàn huài)**. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** èhuà +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To worsen, deteriorate, degenerate, or become more serious. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **恶化 (èhuà)** is a formal and serious-sounding word used to describe a negative change in a situation, condition, or relationship. Think of it as a "downward spiral." You'll frequently encounter it in news reports, medical discussions, and diplomatic statements. It implies that an already existing (and often bad) situation is becoming even worse. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **恶 (è):** This character's primary meaning is "evil," "bad," or "fierce." It points to the negative nature of the change. +
-  * **化 (huà):** This character means "to change," "to transform," or can function like the English suffix "-ize." It signifies a process of transformation. +
-  * When combined, **恶化 (èhuà)** literally means "to change for the worse" or "to transform into a bad state." The characters create a very clear and logical meaning. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * While **恶化 (èhuà)** doesn't carry deep philosophical weight like concepts such as [[guanxi|关系 (guānxì)]], its significance lies in its formal and objective tone. In Chinese culture, especially in public and official discourse, there is a preference for precise and serious language when discussing important issues. +
-  * **恶化** is the go-to word in media, government reports, and medical fields to describe a negative development. Its use conveys a sense of gravity and objectivity. +
-  * **Comparison to Western Concepts:** In English, we have "worsen," "deteriorate," and the more casual "get worse." **恶化** is a direct equivalent of "deteriorate" or "worsen" in its formality. An English news headline might say "Relations Deteriorate," and a Chinese headline would similarly use **关系恶化 (guānxì èhuà)**. Using a more casual phrase like **变差了 (biàn chà le)** in such a formal context would sound unprofessional, much like an English headline saying "Relations Got Worse." This highlights the importance of register (formality) in Chinese. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **恶化** is used to describe the worsening of abstract conditions or complex situations. It is almost always negative and is used in neutral to formal contexts. +
-  * **Medical Context:** Very common. Used to describe a patient's condition taking a turn for the worse. +
-    * `病情恶化 (bìngqíng èhuà)` - The medical condition has worsened. +
-  * **Social & Political Context:** Frequently used in news reports about diplomacy, social conflicts, or economic trends. +
-    * `关系恶化 (guānxì èhuà)` - The relationship has deteriorated. +
-    * `局势恶化 (júshì èhuà)` - The situation/state of affairs has worsened. +
-  * **Environmental Context:** Used to discuss issues like pollution or climate change. +
-    * `环境污染问题日益恶化 (huánjìng wūrǎn wèntí rìyì èhuà)` - The problem of environmental pollution is worsening day by day. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:**  +
-    * 如果不及时治疗，他的病情可能会**恶化**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ bù jíshí zhìliáo, tā de bìngqíng kěnéng huì **èhuà**. +
-    * English: If he doesn't receive timely treatment, his medical condition might worsen. +
-    * Analysis: A classic example in a medical context. **恶化** is the standard, formal term for a health condition deteriorating. +
-  * **Example 2:**  +
-    * 由于持续的干旱，当地的缺水问题进一步**恶化**了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yóuyú chíxù de gānhàn, dāngdì de quēshuǐ wèntí jìnyībù **èhuà** le. +
-    * English: Due to the continuous drought, the local water shortage problem has further worsened. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **恶化** is used for an environmental or resource problem. The phrase `进一步 (jìnyībù)` means "further," often paired with **恶化** to emphasize a continuing decline. +
-  * **Example 3:**  +
-    * 两国之间的贸易争端导致了外交关系的**恶化**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Liǎng guó zhījiān de màoyì zhēngduān dǎozhìle wàijiāo guānxì de **èhuà**. +
-    * English: The trade dispute between the two countries led to the deterioration of diplomatic relations. +
-    * Analysis: This is a typical sentence you might read in an international news report. **关系恶化 (guānxì èhuà)** is a set phrase for deteriorating relations. +
-  * **Example 4:**  +
-    * 我们必须采取行动，防止情况**恶化**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen bìxū cǎiqǔ xíngdòng, fángzhǐ qíngkuàng **èhuà**. +
-    * English: We must take action to prevent the situation from worsening. +
-    * Analysis: This shows how **恶化** is used proactively. `防止 (fángzhǐ)` means "to prevent," a common verb used before **恶化**. +
-  * **Example 5:**  +
-    * 交通堵塞在下班高峰期总是会**恶化**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jiāotōng dǔsè zài xiàbān gāofēngqī zǒngshì huì **èhuà**. +
-    * English: The traffic jam always worsens during the evening rush hour. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates **恶化** can be used for more everyday, yet complex, situations like traffic. +
-  * **Example 6:**  +
-    * 不断的争吵只会让你们的友谊**恶化**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Bùduàn de zhēngchǎo zhǐ huì ràng nǐmen de yǒuyì **èhuà**. +
-    * English: Constant arguing will only make your friendship deteriorate. +
-    * Analysis: **恶化** can describe the decline of personal relationships, adding a sense of seriousness to the situation. +
-  * **Example 7:**  +
-    * 公司的财务状况在过去一个季度里持续**恶化**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī de cáiwù zhuàngkuàng zài guòqù yī gè jìdù lǐ chíxù **èhuà**. +
-    * English: The company's financial situation has continued to deteriorate over the past quarter. +
-    * Analysis: A common usage in a business or economic context. `财务状况 (cáiwù zhuàngkuàng)` means "financial situation." +
-  * **Example 8:**  +
-    * 空气质量的**恶化**对市民的健康造成了严重影响。 +
-    * Pinyin: Kōngqì zhìliàng de **èhuà** duì shìmín de jiànkāng zàochéngle yánzhòng yǐngxiǎng. +
-    * English: The deterioration of air quality has had a serious impact on the citizens' health. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **恶化** is used as a noun ("the deterioration"). This is possible when paired with `的 (de)`. +
-  * **Example 9:**  +
-    * 谣言的传播使公众的恐慌情绪**恶化**了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yáoyán de chuánbō shǐ gōngzhòng de kǒnghuāng qíngxù **èhuà** le. +
-    * English: The spread of rumors aggravated the public's panic. +
-    * Analysis: This shows **恶化** can be applied to emotions or moods on a large scale, like public sentiment. +
-  * **Example 10:**  +
-    * 如果我们忽视这个问题，它只会随着时间**恶化**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ wǒmen hūshì zhège wèntí, tā zhǐ huì suízhe shíjiān **èhuà**. +
-    * English: If we ignore this problem, it will only worsen with time. +
-    * Analysis: A general statement emphasizing that inaction leads to negative consequences. `随着时间 (suízhe shíjiān)` means "with time" or "as time goes by." +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **`恶化 (èhuà)` vs. `变坏 (biàn huài)` - A Key Distinction:** +
-    * **恶化 (èhuà)** is for abstract situations, conditions, or relationships that are already in a certain state and are getting worse (e.g., a disease, the economy, a friendship). It implies a process of deterioration. +
-    * **变坏 (biàn huài)** literally means "to become bad." It's more colloquial and often used for concrete things or people's character. +
-    * **Correct:** `苹果**变坏**了。(Píngguǒ biàn huài le.)` - The apple went bad. +
-    * **Incorrect:** `苹果恶化了。` - This sounds very strange, as if the apple had a "condition" that deteriorated. +
-    * **Correct:** `他以前是个好人，现在**变坏**了。(Tā yǐqián shì ge hǎorén, xiànzài biàn huài le.)` - He used to be a good person, but now he's turned bad. +
-    * **Incorrect:** `他恶化了。` - This would imply he has a medical condition that is worsening. +
-  * **`恶化 (èhuà)` vs. `变差 (biàn chà)`:** +
-    * **变差 (biàn chà)** means "to become worse" or "to become poorer in quality." It's very similar to **恶化** but slightly less formal. It's often used for things like performance, quality, or eyesight. +
-    * **Example:** `我的中文水平**变差**了。(Wǒ de Zhōngwén shuǐpíng biàn chà le.)` - My Chinese level has gotten worse. (Using **恶化** here would sound overly dramatic). +
-    * **Example:** `天气**变差**了。(Tiānqì biàn chà le.)` - The weather has gotten worse. (More common and natural than `天气恶化了`, which would imply a severe, long-term meteorological decline). +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[改善]] (gǎishàn) - Antonym: The direct opposite, meaning "to improve" or "to make better." +
-  * [[好转]] (hǎozhuǎn) - Antonym: "To take a turn for the better." Often used for situations or health conditions that are starting to improve. +
-  * [[加剧]] (jiājù) - Synonym: To aggravate or intensify. Often interchangeable with **恶化**, but **加剧** focuses more on the intensification of a specific negative element (like a conflict, pain, or problem). +
-  * [[变坏]] (biàn huài) - Nuance: A more colloquial term for "to go bad" or "turn bad," used for concrete objects or a person's character. Not for formal situations. +
-  * [[变差]] (biàn chà) - Nuance: A slightly less formal term for "get worse," often used for quality, abilities, or grades. +
-  * [[退步]] (tuìbù) - Related Concept: To regress, decline, or fall behind. Used for skills, studies, or ideology. e.g., `他的成绩退步了。(Tā de chéngjì tuìbù le.)` - His grades have fallen. +
-  * [[情况]] (qíngkuàng) - Collocation: "Situation." Frequently paired with **恶化** as in `情况恶化`. +
-  * [[局势]] (júshì) - Collocation: "State of affairs," "situation" (often political or military). Also commonly paired with **恶化**.+