罢工

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罢工 [2025/08/13 04:04] – created xiaoer罢工 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== bàgōng: 罢工 - Strike, Walkout ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 罢工, bàgōng, ba gong, Chinese strike, work stoppage China, Chinese labor rights, protest in China, worker strike, to go on strike in Chinese, labor protest. +
-  * **Summary:** "罢工 (bàgōng)" is the direct Chinese translation for a "strike" or "walkout," referring to a collective work stoppage by employees as a form of protest. While the term is understood universally, its context in China is unique. Unlike in many Western countries where strikes are a legally regulated part of labor negotiations, in China, they are politically sensitive and exist in a legal gray area. Understanding "bàgōng" offers insight into modern Chinese labor relations and the state's emphasis on social stability. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** bàgōng +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb / Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 6 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To cease work as a form of protest; a work stoppage or strike. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** "罢工" literally means "to stop work." It's a powerful and serious term used to describe organized labor protests. While the concept is the same as an English "strike," the action itself is far more fraught with risk and political sensitivity in China. It's not a term used lightly and almost always implies a significant conflict between employees and management, often with potential government intervention. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **罢 (bà):** This character means "to stop," "to cease," "to dismiss," or "to finish." It signifies a definitive cessation of an activity. +
-  * **工 (gōng):** This character means "work," "labor," or "skill." Its origin is a pictogram of a carpenter's square, a fundamental tool for building and work. +
-  * Together, 罢 (bà) + 工 (gōng) literally and logically form the meaning "to stop work," perfectly capturing the essence of a labor strike. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * **A Politically Sensitive Act:** The most significant cultural point about "罢工" is its political sensitivity in the People's Republic of China. While the Chinese constitution has historically mentioned the right to strike, the current legal framework is ambiguous. Independent trade unions are illegal, and all official unions are state-controlled through the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU), which often prioritizes productivity and social harmony over labor disputes. +
-  * **Comparison to Western Strikes:** In the U.S. or Europe, strikes are often legally protected, union-organized, and a standard (though serious) tool in collective bargaining. In China, strikes are almost always "wildcat strikes"—spontaneous and not state-sanctioned. They are viewed by authorities not just as a labor issue but as a potential threat to social stability (`维稳 wéiwěn`). Consequently, organizers can face severe repercussions, and strikes are often quickly suppressed or resolved to prevent them from escalating. +
-  * **Related Values:** The official handling of strikes is deeply connected to the value of `维稳 (wéiwěn)`, or "maintaining stability," which is a paramount priority for the Chinese government. Public, collective action like a "罢工" is seen as a potential source of social unrest (`乱 luàn`), something the state works hard to prevent. Therefore, while strikes do occur over issues like unpaid wages or poor conditions, they exist in a very different risk-and-reward landscape than in the West. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **Formal and Serious:** "罢工" is a formal and serious term. It is most frequently encountered in news reports (both domestic and international), academic discussions, or serious conversations about labor disputes. +
-  * **Connotation:** The connotation is almost always tense and negative, as it signifies a breakdown in relations and a significant conflict. It is not used casually. +
-  * **On Social Media:** Discussions of specific strikes within China on social media are often heavily censored. Users might employ euphemisms or code words to avoid triggering automated content removal. When discussing strikes in other countries, the term is used more freely. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 工人们因薪资问题决定**罢工**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngrénmen yīn xīnzī wèntí juédìng **bàgōng**. +
-    * English: The workers decided to go on strike over wage issues. +
-    * Analysis: A straightforward sentence showing "罢工" used as a verb. "因 (yīn)...决定 (juédìng)..." is a common structure for explaining the reason for a decision. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 这次**罢工**持续了整整三天。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì **bàgōng** chíxù le zhěngzhěng sān tiān. +
-    * English: This strike lasted for a full three days. +
-    * Analysis: Here, "罢工" is used as a noun, preceded by the measure word "次 (cì)". "持续 (chíxù)" means "to last" or "to continue." +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 飞行员威胁说，如果他们的要求得不到满足，他们就要**罢工**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Fēixíngyuán wēixié shuō, rúguǒ tāmen de yāoqiú débúdào mǎnzú, tāmen jiù yào **bàgōng**. +
-    * English: The pilots threatened that if their demands were not met, they would go on strike. +
-    * Analysis: This example shows "罢工" as a future potential action. The "如果 (rúguǒ)...就 (jiù)..." structure means "if...then...". +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这家工厂的**罢工**事件引起了媒体的广泛关注。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā gōngchǎng de **bàgōng** shìjiàn yǐnqǐ le méitǐ de guǎngfàn guānzhù. +
-    * English: The strike incident at this factory has attracted widespread media attention. +
-    * Analysis: "罢工事件 (bàgōng shìjiàn)" is a common collocation meaning "strike incident," treating the strike as a specific event. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 政府正在努力调解，以避免一场全国性的铁路**罢工**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ zhèngzài nǔlì tiáojiě, yǐ bìmiǎn yī chǎng quánguóxìng de tiělù **bàgōng**. +
-    * English: The government is trying to mediate in order to avoid a nationwide rail strike. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence highlights the role of authorities in managing strikes. "一场 (yī chǎng)" is a measure word for events like strikes or performances. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 在中国，组织**罢工**的法律风险很高。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài Zhōngguó, zǔzhī **bàgōng** de fǎlǜ fēngxiǎn hěn gāo. +
-    * English: In China, the legal risks of organizing a strike are very high. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence directly addresses the cultural and legal context discussed earlier. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 由于大规模**罢工**，港口陷入瘫痪。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yóuyú dàguīmó **bàgōng**, gǎngkǒu xiànrù tānhuàn. +
-    * English: Due to the large-scale strike, the port was paralyzed. +
-    * Analysis: "由于 (yóuyú)" means "due to," showing cause and effect. "瘫痪 (tānhuàn)" (paralysis) is often used to describe the effect of major strikes on infrastructure. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 面对不公，**罢工**是他们最后的手段。 +
-    * Pinyin: Miànduì bùgōng, **bàgōng** shì tāmen zuìhòu de shǒuduàn. +
-    * English: In the face of injustice, striking was their last resort. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence conveys the desperation that can lead to a strike. "最后的手段 (zuìhòu de shǒuduàn)" means "last resort" or "final method." +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 学生们举行**罢课**来声援工人的**罢工**行动。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xuéshēngmen jǔxíng **bàkè** lái shēngyuán gōngrén de **bàgōng** xíngdòng. +
-    * English: The students held a class strike (boycott) to support the workers' strike action. +
-    * Analysis: This introduces the related term [[罢课]] (bàkè), a student strike, showing how the "罢-" prefix works with other words. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 公司管理层拒绝与**罢工**代表进行谈判。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī guǎnlǐcéng jùjué yǔ **bàgōng** dàibiǎo jìnxíng tánpàn. +
-    * English: The company management refused to negotiate with the strike representatives. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence shows common vocabulary surrounding a strike, such as "管理层 (guǎnlǐcéng)" (management) and "谈判 (tánpàn)" (to negotiate). +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **Cultural Assumption Mistake:** The biggest mistake is assuming a "罢工" in China is equivalent to a strike in a Western democracy. Do not assume it is a protected right or a common occurrence. For learners in China, discussing or advocating for a strike can be extremely sensitive and is not advisable. +
-  * **Don't Use It Casually:** Never use "罢工" to mean you are just tired of work or taking a day off. It is not a synonym for being lazy or absent. +
-  * **Incorrect:** 我今天太累了，我要**罢工**。 (Wǒ jīntiān tài lèi le, wǒ yào **bàgōng**.) +
-  * **Reason:** This is overly dramatic and incorrect. It sounds like you are trying to start a serious, collective protest by yourself because you're tired. +
-  * **Correct:** 我今天太累了，想**请假**。 (Wǒ jīntiān tài lèi le, xiǎng **qǐngjià**.) - "I'm too tired today, I want to ask for a day off." +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[抗议]] (kàngyì) - To protest; a protest. "罢工" is a specific form of "抗议". +
-  * [[示威]] (shìwēi) - To demonstrate; a public demonstration. Often involves marches and signs, whereas a "罢工" is specifically a work stoppage. +
-  * [[维权]] (wéiquán) - To defend one's rights. This is often the stated motivation for workers who go on strike. +
-  * [[怠工]] (dàigōng) - A work slowdown. A less confrontational form of industrial action where workers deliberately reduce their productivity instead of stopping completely. +
-  * [[罢课]] (bàkè) - A student strike; to boycott class as a protest. Uses the same "罢-" (to stop) character. +
-  * [[罢市]] (bàshì) - A shutdown of businesses/markets as a protest, where shop owners close their doors. +
-  * [[工会]] (gōnghuì) - Labor union. In China, this almost always refers to the official, state-run ACFTU. +
-  * [[劳动法]] (láodòng fǎ) - Labor Law. The legal code that governs employment, wages, and working conditions. +
-  * [[维稳]] (wéiwěn) - To maintain stability. A key political term in China that explains the government's cautious and often harsh stance towards protests like strikes.+