====== Raul Bushman ======
===== Part 1: The Dossier: An At-a-Glance Summary =====
  *   **Core Identity:** **Raul Bushman is a ruthless and sadistic mercenary general whose betrayal and murder of his former partner, Marc Spector, directly caused the creation of his arch-nemesis, the vigilante [[moon_knight]].**
  *   **Key Takeaways:**
  * **Role in the Universe:** Bushman is the quintessential arch-enemy for Moon Knight, serving as a dark mirror to Marc Spector's violent past. He is the living embodiment of the sins Spector seeks to atone for, a constant reminder of the man he once was and could have become. His actions are the catalyst for one of Marvel's most complex heroes. [[moon_knight]].
  * **Primary Impact:** Beyond being the direct cause of Moon Knight's "birth," Bushman's brutality has repeatedly pushed Marc Spector to his absolute moral and physical limits. Their most infamous confrontation resulted in Moon Knight carving the skin from Bushman's face, a shockingly violent act that defined a modern era for the character and questioned the very nature of his heroism.
  * **Key Incarnations:** The fundamental difference between his comic and MCU versions lies in his fate and narrative function. In the Earth-616 comics, Bushman is a recurring, living antagonist who survives their initial encounter and returns multiple times to plague Moon Knight. In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Bushman is killed by Marc Spector in a fit of rage //before// Marc makes his pact with [[khonshu]], serving as a foundational trauma and a pre-origin villain rather than an ongoing nemesis.
===== Part 2: Origin and Evolution =====
==== Publication History and Creation ====
Raul Bushman first stormed into the Marvel Universe in **''Moon Knight'' Vol. 1 #1**, published in November 1980. He was co-created by the legendary writer **Doug Moench** and the visionary artist **Bill Sienkiewicz**. As the primary antagonist introduced in Moon Knight's first solo ongoing series, Bushman was designed from the ground up to be the hero's ultimate antithesis.
His creation was pivotal in cementing Moon Knight's origin story, which had been alluded to but never fully detailed in his prior appearances in ''Werewolf by Night'' and ''The Defenders''. Moench needed a villain who was not just a physical threat but a profound personal one. Bushman fulfilled this role perfectly: a former friend and commander turned betrayer, a man driven by pure avarice and cruelty, representing the dark, mercenary world Marc Spector was desperately trying to escape. Sienkiewicz's distinctive, moody, and often terrifying art style gave Bushman an immediate visual menace. His sharp features, wild eyes, and, in later interpretations, his signature facial markings and steel teeth, made him an unforgettable and fearsome foe. He wasn't a supervillain in the traditional sense; he was a grounded, horrifyingly human monster, which made his conflict with the supernaturally-empowered Moon Knight all the more compelling.
==== In-Universe Origin Story ====
The origin of Raul Bushman is inextricably linked to the birth of Moon Knight. While the setting and specific outcomes differ between the two primary continuities, the core elements of greed, betrayal, and death remain consistent.
=== Earth-616 (Prime Comic Universe) ===
In the prime Marvel comics continuity, Raul Bushman was a ruthless and highly effective mercenary operating primarily in Africa. Known for his brutal tactics and complete lack of morality, he built a fearsome reputation and commanded a loyal, if terrified, army of soldiers for hire. For a time, his second-in-command was another skilled American mercenary, **[[moon_knight|Marc Spector]]**. While Spector was a formidable soldier, he grew increasingly disturbed by Bushman's escalating savagery and utter disregard for civilian life.
Their partnership came to a bloody end during a mission in Selima, Sudan. Their objective was to raid an archaeological dig led by Dr. Peter Alraune, who had just uncovered a pharaoh's tomb containing a long-lost statue of the Egyptian moon god, **[[khonshu]]**. While Spector was interested in the historical find, Bushman's goal was far simpler: plunder the tomb for gold and any other valuables.
When Dr. Alraune refused to be intimidated and stood up to the mercenaries, Bushman, in a fit of rage, brutally murdered the defenseless archaeologist in front of his daughter, **[[marlene_alraune|Marlene Alraune]]**. This was the final straw for Marc Spector. He confronted Bushman, and a vicious fight broke out. Despite his skill, Spector was overpowered by Bushman and his men. Bushman beat Spector mercilessly and, deeming him no longer a threat, abandoned him in the middle of the desert with no food or water, leaving him to die under the freezing night sky.
Mortally wounded, Spector managed to crawl his way back to the ancient tomb. He collapsed at the foot of the idol of Khonshu, and his heart stopped. As Marlene and the local villagers mourned him, Spector's spirit had an encounter with the god Khonshu, who offered him a second chance at life in exchange for becoming his avatar on Earth—his "Fist of Vengeance." Spector accepted the pact. Reborn and imbued with new purpose, he donned a cloak taken from the statue and dismantled Bushman's entire operation, defeating his former commander in their first battle as hero and villain. Though he brought Bushman's immediate plans to ruin, Bushman himself escaped, setting the stage for a lifelong, bloody vendetta. This act of betrayal and subsequent resurrection is the single most important event in Moon Knight's history, and Bushman is its architect.
=== Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) ===
The Marvel Cinematic Universe presents a significantly altered version of this origin, as depicted in the Disney+ series, //Moon Knight// (2022). While Bushman remains the catalyst for Marc Spector's transformation, his role is posthumous.
In this continuity, Marc Spector's former commanding officer, referred to only as "Bushman," led a mercenary unit that Marc joined after being dishonorably discharged from the U.S. Marines. The core event still takes place at an archaeological dig site in Egypt. Bushman's greed once again takes center stage as he orders the execution of all the archaeologists at the site to secure the artifacts for himself. Among the victims is **Abdullah El-Faouly**, the father of **Layla El-Faouly** (the MCU's analogue for Marlene Alraune).
Wracked with guilt and horrified by the slaughter, Marc attempts to save the archaeologists but is too late. He is then shot and mortally wounded by Bushman and his men. The key divergence happens here: consumed by rage and grief, a dying Marc Spector manages to kill Bushman and his entire crew before succumbing to his own wounds.
Crawling into a nearby temple dedicated to Khonshu, a dying and suicidal Marc Spector prepares to take his own life. It is at this moment, after Bushman is already dead, that Khonshu appears and makes his offer. Marc accepts, becoming Moon Knight. Therefore, in the MCU, Bushman's evil acts directly lead to Moon Knight's creation, but he is never Moon Knight's arch-nemesis. Instead, he serves as a foundational trauma and the "original sin" that haunts Marc throughout the series. His death at Marc's hands is a source of immense guilt and is the secret that strains Marc's relationship with Layla, who for years believed her father's killer was still at large. This narrative change shifts the focus of the series from an external conflict with Bushman to Marc's internal struggle with his dissociative identity disorder and his complex relationship with his new patron god.
===== Part 3: Abilities, Equipment & Personality =====
Raul Bushman is, at his core, a non-superpowered human. However, his physical prowess, tactical genius, and sheer sadism make him one of the most dangerous and personal threats in Moon Knight's rogues' gallery.
=== Earth-616 (Prime Comic Universe) ===
  *   **Abilities:**
  * **Peak Human Condition:** Bushman maintains a physical regimen that places him at the absolute peak of human potential in terms of strength, speed, stamina, and agility. He is strong enough to engage in brutal, protracted hand-to-hand combat with Moon Knight, a highly skilled martial artist.
  * **Master Strategist and Tactician:** His primary asset is his brilliant military mind. He is an expert in guerrilla warfare, counter-insurgency, and covert operations. He can organize, train, and lead a small army of mercenaries with ruthless efficiency, often anticipating his opponents' moves.
  * **Expert Combatant:** Bushman is a master of multiple forms of armed and unarmed combat. He is proficient with virtually every type of conventional firearm, from sidearms to heavy machine guns, as well as explosives and knives. His brawling style is dirty, vicious, and incredibly effective.
  * **Weapons Specialist:** He possesses an encyclopedic knowledge of military hardware and can effectively use, maintain, and even modify a vast arsenal of weaponry.
  * **Temporary Supernatural Empowerment:** During the //Vengeance of the Moon Knight// storyline, he was resurrected by **[[the_hood|The Hood]]** using dark magic supplied by the demon **[[dormammu]]**. This resurrection temporarily granted him superhuman strength and durability, making him a far greater physical threat to Moon Knight than ever before. He was shown to be strong enough to rip a metal fire escape from a wall with his bare hands.
  *   **Equipment:**
  * **Military-Grade Arsenal:** Bushman's primary tools are weapons of war. He has access to a vast collection of assault rifles, submachine guns, sniper rifles, grenades, and military-grade explosives.
  * **Bladed Weapons:** He is notoriously fond of using large knives and machetes in close-quarters combat.
  * **Steel Teeth:** One of his most recognizable and intimidating features is a set of sharpened, metallic teeth, which he has used as a weapon to bite and tear at his opponents in a feral manner.
  * **Facial Tattoos:** He is often depicted with a white skull-like tattoo or face paint, creating a chilling visual parallel to Moon Knight's ghostly appearance and perhaps mocking the hero's persona.
  *   **Personality:**
  * Bushman is the definition of a sadist and a psychopath. He derives genuine pleasure from inflicting pain, fear, and death. Unlike many villains who have complex motivations, Bushman's primary drivers are simple: greed and bloodlust. He has no honor, no code, and no allegiances beyond what will benefit him in the moment. He is manipulative, cruel, and utterly without remorse for his actions, including the murder of innocents. He represents the darkest aspects of humanity, a man who has embraced violence not as a means to an end, but as an end in itself. This makes him the perfect foil for Marc Spector, a man who uses violence as a tool for redemption he may never achieve.
=== Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) ===
Since Bushman's role in the MCU is confined to backstory flashbacks, the full extent of his capabilities is implied rather than demonstrated.
  *   **Abilities:**
  * **Elite Military Training:** As Marc Spector's commanding officer, it's clear that Bushman possessed exceptional military skills. He was a highly trained soldier, proficient in tactics, firearms, and combat.
  * **Ruthless Leadership:** He successfully commanded a mercenary unit, indicating strong, albeit brutal, leadership qualities. He inspired enough loyalty or fear to have his soldiers carry out atrocities without question.
  *   **Equipment:**
  * His equipment, as seen in flashbacks, consists of standard mercenary gear: tactical vests, assault rifles (specifically a SCAR-H), and other conventional military hardware.
  *   **Personality:**
  * The MCU's Bushman shares the core personality traits of his comic counterpart. He is depicted as cold-blooded, greedy, and utterly merciless. His order to execute unarmed archaeologists, including children, for the sake of profit showcases his complete lack of a moral compass. His betrayal of Marc, shooting him and leaving him for dead, reinforces his treacherous nature. He is presented as a fundamentally evil man whose actions are so heinous they break an already damaged Marc Spector, setting him on his path to Khonshu.
===== Part 4: Key Relationships & Network =====
==== Core Allies ====
Raul Bushman is a man who uses people; he does not make allies. His relationships are purely transactional and built on a foundation of fear and profit.
  *   **Mercenary Soldiers:** Bushman's primary "allies" are the countless soldiers-for-hire he commands. These are not loyal friends but employees who follow his orders due to his fearsome reputation and the promise of a large payday. They are entirely disposable in his eyes, and he would sacrifice any of them without a moment's hesitation to achieve his goals.
  *   **The Hood (Parker Robbins):** In a significant alliance of convenience, Bushman was resurrected by [[the_hood|The Hood]] to serve in his new criminal empire, which was being assembled to take on the superheroes of New York. Empowered by The Hood's demonic patron, Dormammu, Bushman became a key enforcer. This partnership was not based on loyalty but on mutual interest: The Hood gained a powerful and psychotic super-soldier, and Bushman got his life back along with a chance for revenge on Moon Knight.
==== Arch-Enemies ====
Bushman's entire existence as a villain is defined by one man.
  *   **Moon Knight (Marc Spector):** This is one of the most personal and brutal hero-villain rivalries in the Marvel Universe. It is not a battle of ideologies but a war born from a singular, intimate act of betrayal. Bushman represents everything Marc hates about his past. Every fight against Bushman is a fight against the man he used to be. The conflict has escalated over the years from military-style confrontations to shocking acts of brutality. The most defining moment came in the 2006 //Moon Knight// series by Charlie Huston and David Finch. After a long and savage battle, a vengeful Moon Knight finally defeated Bushman. But instead of delivering him to the authorities, Moon Knight held his nemesis down and, using a sharp crescent dart, meticulously carved the skin of Bushman's face off, leaving him alive but horrifically mutilated. This act haunted Moon Knight, blurring the line between his brand of justice and the savagery of his enemy, and stands as the apex of their violent history.
  *   **Marlene Alraune:** While not a physical combatant against him, Marlene despises Bushman with every fiber of her being. He is the man who murdered her father in cold blood right before her eyes. Her connection to Marc Spector is forged in the trauma that Bushman inflicted upon them both, and she has often been a target of Bushman's operations in his attempts to strike at Moon Knight.
==== Affiliations ====
  *   **Bushman's Mercenary Army:** For the majority of his career, Bushman's only affiliation was to himself as the leader of his own private military company. He operated as an independent contractor, taking on destabilization, assassination, and theft missions for the highest bidder.
  *   **The Hood's Criminal Empire:** His most significant supervillain team affiliation was his membership in The Hood's gang. As a resurrected and empowered enforcer, he served alongside other villains like the Wrecking Crew and Chemistro. This elevated him from a grounded military threat to a genuine super-powered foe for a time.
===== Part 5: Iconic Events & Storylines =====
==== "The Macabre Moon Knight" (Moon Knight, Vol. 1, #1-4, 1980) ====
This inaugural storyline of Moon Knight's first solo series serves as the definitive telling of his origin and his first major battle with Bushman. After a brief re-introduction of the hero, the story flashes back to the fateful mission in Sudan. It details the partnership between Spector and Bushman, the discovery of Dr. Alraune's dig site, Bushman's murder of the archaeologist, and his betrayal of Spector. The arc masterfully establishes the stakes, showing Marc's death and rebirth as Khonshu's avatar. The climax sees the newly-minted Moon Knight systematically dismantling Bushman's forces before confronting his former commander. It establishes their dynamic perfectly: Bushman, the pragmatic and greedy killer, is completely baffled and terrified by the seemingly supernatural and theatrical vigilante that his victim has become.
==== "The Bottom" (Moon Knight, Vol. 5, #1-6, 2006) ====
Considered a landmark and brutally dark revitalization of the character, this story by Charlie Huston and David Finch picks up with a broken Marc Spector. Years after retiring, he is goaded back into action by a vision of Khonshu, who demands vengeance. His target is his old nemesis, Raul Bushman, who has set himself up as a petty dictator and crime lord in a violent neighborhood. The storyline is a gritty, painful, and psychological deep-dive into Marc's crumbling psyche. The final confrontation is one of the most shocking and controversial moments in Moon Knight's history. After a bloody rooftop battle, Moon Knight pins Bushman down. In a moment of pure, cold fury, he takes out a crescent dart and carves off Bushman's face. This horrific act of vengeance solidifies this run's tone and forever changes the perception of Moon Knight's methods, pushing him far beyond the traditional limits of a superhero.
==== "The Vengeance of the Moon Knight" (#1-6, 2009) ====
Following the events of "The Bottom," a faceless Raul Bushman is eventually killed. However, he is resurrected by The Hood, who uses Dormammu's dark magic to restore him, albeit with a scarred and monstrous visage. Now supernaturally empowered, Bushman is tasked by The Hood with assassinating Norman Osborn, who was then the director of H.A.M.M.E.R. Bushman, however, is consumed by his desire for revenge. He attacks Moon Knight, now operating with a more heroic mindset and trying to atone for his past extremism. The conflict tests Moon Knight's resolve to be a better hero, as he faces a physically superior version of the man who represents his greatest failure. It's a classic revenge plot that forces Moon Knight to prove he has moved past the brutality that defined their last encounter.
===== Part 6: Variants and Alternative Versions =====
While Raul Bushman is primarily an Earth-616 character, a few alternate versions and interpretations exist.
  *   **Ultimate Universe (Earth-1610):** A character named Raul Bushman exists in the Ultimate Marvel universe, but his connection to Moon Knight is vastly different. He is mentioned in //Ultimate Spider-Man// #79 as an associate of the Ultimate Kingpin. This version, known as "Bushman of the Underworld," is a crime lord in New York, not a mercenary in Africa. Ultimate Moon Knight's origin involves a botched covert-ops mission, but Bushman is not presented as his direct betrayer or the catalyst for his transformation in the same personal way.
  *   **Marvel Cinematic Universe (Earth-199999):** As detailed extensively above, the MCU version serves as a prequel villain. He is the direct cause of Marc Spector's death and rebirth but is killed by Marc before the pact with Khonshu is ever made. This makes him a figure of Marc's past trauma and guilt rather than a recurring arch-nemesis, a fundamental re-imagining of the character's narrative purpose.
  *   **Video Game Adaptations:** Raul Bushman has appeared or been referenced in several video games. In //Marvel: Ultimate Alliance//, a conversation reveals that Marc Spector is hunting for Bushman in Egypt, staying true to their comic book rivalry. In the //Spider-Man: Web of Shadows// video game, Moon Knight mentions that he mistook Spider-Man in his symbiote suit for Bushman, indicating their enmity is a known part of his character in that game's continuity.
===== See Also =====
  * [[moon_knight]]
  * [[khonshu]]
  * [[marlene_alraune]]
  * [[the_hood]]
  * [[dormammu]]
===== Notes and Trivia =====
((Raul Bushman's name is occasionally spelled as "Roald Bushman" in some early comic letter pages and handbook entries, though "Raul" is the most commonly accepted spelling.))
((The act of Moon Knight carving off Bushman's face in ''Moon Knight'' Vol. 5 #2 is a moment of extreme violence that was highly debated by fans and critics upon its release. It marked a significant shift towards a darker, more mature-readers-oriented tone for the character that has influenced many subsequent interpretations.))
((In the MCU, the decision to have Marc Spector kill Bushman before becoming Moon Knight was a deliberate narrative choice by the showrunners to internalize the main conflict of the series. By removing the external arch-nemesis, the story could focus more deeply on Marc's struggle with his alternate identities, his trauma, and his relationship with Khonshu and Layla.))
((Bill Sienkiewicz's early artwork often depicted Bushman with sharp, almost vampiric features, which, combined with his steel teeth, gave him a distinctly monstrous and inhuman appearance despite being a regular human.))
((Bushman's military expertise is so renowned in the comics' criminal underworld that even after his mutilation, he was able to establish a new criminal empire, proving his cunning and reputation were as dangerous as his physical prowess.))
((Source Material: ''Moon Knight'' Vol. 1 (1980) by Doug Moench and Bill Sienkiewicz; ''Moon Knight'' Vol. 5 (2006) by Charlie Huston and David Finch; ''Vengeance of the Moon Knight'' (2009) by Gregg Hurwitz and Jerome Opeña.))