The concept of the Elder Gods was not introduced in a single issue but was gradually built over several years, a hallmark of Marvel's layered world-building during the Bronze Age of Comics. The foundational pieces were laid by various legendary creators.
However, the unified origin story that tied these disparate entities together into a single “Elder God” pantheon was masterfully conceived and detailed by writer Mark Gruenwald in `Thor Annual #10` (1982). This seminal issue, with art by Bob Hall, established the role of the demiurge, the genesis of the Elder Gods, their corruption, the coming of the Demogorge, and Gaea's singular survival on Earth. This story became the definitive in-universe historical text for Marvel's entire mystical framework, retroactively connecting dozens of storylines and characters into a cohesive, epic mythology.
The origin of the Elder Gods is a tale of creation, corruption, and cosmic cleansing that takes place billions of years before the rise of humanity. It is the secret history of Earth's very soul.
In the primordial dawn of Planet Earth, billions of years ago, the planet's nascent biosphere achieved a form of consciousness. This sentient life force, a gestalt entity of unimaginable power, was known as the Demiurge. As the first life began to form on the planet's surface, the Demiurge implanted a spark of its own essence into it, causing the evolution of a new order of beings—the Elder Gods. The first of these were:
Initially, these beings were forces of nature, coexisting in a strange, pre-moral state. However, their immense power and isolation led to corruption. Set was the first to fall, discovering he could increase his own power by consuming a fellow Elder God. This act of cosmic cannibalism plunged the new pantheon into a devastating civil war. The Elder Gods began to twist their forms and powers, degenerating into what humanity would later call demons. Chthon, in his pursuit of ultimate power, delved into the fundamental forces of chaos, becoming Earth's first master of black magic and inscribing his terrible knowledge onto indestructible parchments that would one day be collected as the darkhold. Seeing