Table of Contents

Scarlet Witch

Part 1: The Dossier: An At-a-Glance Summary

Part 2: Origin and Evolution

Publication History and Creation

The Scarlet Witch made her debut in The X-Men #4 in March 1964, a creation of the legendary duo, writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby. She was introduced alongside her twin brother, Pietro Maximoff, as a charter member of the first brotherhood_of_evil_mutants, led by their iconic antagonist, magneto. In this Silver Age context, Wanda and Pietro were not mustache-twirling villains but conflicted, sympathetic figures, indebted to Magneto for saving their lives from a superstitious mob. This nuanced portrayal paved the way for one of the earliest and most significant “heel-face turns” in comics. Just over a year later, in Avengers #16 (May 1965), Wanda and Pietro left Magneto's side and joined the Avengers. This lineup, famously dubbed “Cap's Kooky Quartet,” consisted of captain_america, Hawkeye, Quicksilver, and Scarlet Witch, and cemented Wanda's transition from antagonist to enduring hero. Over the decades, her powers evolved from simple “hex bolts” that manipulated probability to cosmic-scale reality warping, and her backstory became one of the most famously and repeatedly retconned narratives in Marvel history, reflecting her chaotic and ever-changing nature.

In-Universe Origin Story

The origin of Wanda Maximoff is a tangled web of magic, mutation, and cosmic destiny, made more complex by the stark differences between the comic books and the cinematic universe.

Earth-616 (Prime Comic Universe)

Wanda's origin story is arguably the most convoluted and revised in Marvel's canon. For decades, a single narrative was accepted, only to be completely upended in the modern era. The classic and longest-standing origin established Wanda and Pietro as the mutant children of Erik Lehnsherr, the man who would become Magneto. Their mother, Magda, fled from Magneto after witnessing his terrifying power and took refuge on Wundagore Mountain in the fictional nation of Transia. There, she gave birth in a citadel run by the High Evolutionary. Unbeknownst to anyone, the elder god and primordial demon Chthon was imprisoned within Wundagore. Upon Wanda's birth, Chthon “blessed” the infant, marking her as a potential future vessel and granting her a connection to his potent Chaos Magic. This explained why her “mutant” powers were so unusual and potent compared to others. Fearing Magneto would find them, Magda left her children with the High Evolutionary, who in turn gave them to the Romani couple Django and Marya Maximoff. They were raised as Wanda and Pietro Maximoff until an incident where Wanda's burgeoning powers caused a fire, leading to Marya's death and inciting a superstitious mob. It was at this moment that Magneto arrived, saving the twins—unaware they were his children—and recruiting them into his Brotherhood of Evil Mutants out of a sense of debt. This entire history was radically retconned during the 2014 AXIS storyline. A spell cast by Wanda revealed that Magneto was not her biological father. The subsequent Uncanny Avengers series revealed the “true” origin: Django and Marya Maximoff were their biological parents. The twins, born seemingly normal, were abducted and experimented upon by the High Evolutionary. He unlocked their latent genetic potential, granting them their powers, and then disguised them as common mutants to hide his work. He returned them to their parents, who were horrified by what had been done to their children. This retcon controversially severed Wanda's direct ties to both Magneto and the mutant race, redefining her as a human magically and genetically altered into something more.

Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU)

The MCU provides a far more streamlined, though equally tragic, origin for Wanda. Here, Wanda and Pietro Maximoff were born in the Eastern European nation of Sokovia. Their childhood was shattered when a mortar shell struck their apartment building, killing their parents instantly. A second, unexploded shell landed in the rubble with them. For two terrifying days, the twins stared at the Stark Industries logo on the weapon, breeding a deep and abiding hatred for Tony Stark. This trauma and desire for revenge led them to volunteer for experiments conducted by hydra under Baron Wolfgang von Strucker, who was using the Scepter—containing the Mind Stone—to create enhanced individuals. Most subjects died, but the Maximoff twins survived. Pietro gained superhuman speed, and Wanda was granted a suite of psionic abilities, including telekinesis, energy manipulation, and a unique form of telepathy that allowed her to manipulate the fears of others. Initially, they allied with the sentient A.I. ultron in their shared goal of destroying Tony Stark and the Avengers. However, upon discovering Ultron's true genocidal plan to cause a global extinction event, they defected and helped the Avengers save Sokovia. This battle came at a great cost, as Pietro was killed protecting Hawkeye and a child. The Disney+ series wandavision added a crucial layer to this origin, effectively retconning it to align more closely with her comic book powers. It was revealed that Wanda was born with a latent affinity for magic, a “baby witch” who unknowingly used a simple probability hex to prevent the Stark shell from detonating. Her exposure to the Mind Stone didn't grant her powers, but rather amplified what was already there. The series established her as a living myth, the Scarlet Witch, a being not born but “forged,” capable of spontaneously creating life and wielding immense Chaos Magic, a power that even the Sorcerer Supreme does not possess. This retcon elevated her from a simple “enhanced” individual to the single most powerful magic-user on the planet.

Part 3: Abilities, Equipment & Personality

Earth-616 (Prime Comic Universe)

Wanda's power set has grown exponentially from its humble beginnings. Her core identity is tied to the manipulation of cosmic forces far beyond the understanding of most heroes and villains.

Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU)

The MCU's depiction of Wanda's powers followed a clear arc of evolution, starting with more grounded psionics and culminating in god-like magical prowess.

Part 4: Key Relationships & Network

Core Allies

Arch-Enemies

Affiliations

Part 5: Iconic Events & Storylines

The Vision and the Scarlet Witch (1985-1986 Limited Series)

This seminal series explored Wanda and Vision's attempt to build a normal, suburban life away from the Avengers. It delved deeply into their unique romance and culminated in Wanda, desperate for a family, using her reality-warping powers to magically conceive twin sons, Thomas and William. The story was a heartfelt and character-defining moment, but it planted the tragic seeds for her future breakdowns, as the children were later revealed to be magical constructs built from missing fragments of the demon Mephisto's soul.

Avengers Disassembled (2004)

This was the storyline that shattered Wanda's heroic image. After a casual remark from a teammate triggers her suppressed memories, Wanda is overwhelmed by the resurrected grief of losing her children. Her mind fractures, and she unconsciously unleashes her full power against the Avengers, whom she blames for her loss. In a series of devastating attacks, she causes the Vision to be torn apart, orchestrates the death of Scott Lang (Ant-Man), and manipulates a Kree warship into an attack that kills Hawkeye. The event ends with the Avengers disbanded and Wanda taken into the care of Magneto, her psyche and reputation in ruins.

House of M (2005)

A direct sequel to Disassembled, this is Wanda's most impactful and infamous story. With the X-Men and Avengers debating whether to kill the uncontrollably powerful Wanda, Quicksilver panics and begs her to use her powers to “make it right.” She obliges by reshaping all of reality into the “House of M,” a world where mutants are the dominant species and every hero has their deepest wish granted. When a small group of heroes with restored memories confronts her, a conflict ensues that leads to Magneto killing Quicksilver in a rage. Devastated and blaming her father's militant dream for all the suffering, a broken Wanda declares, “No more mutants.” With those three words, she restores reality but erases the mutant gene from over 98% of the world's mutant population, an event known as the Decimation that defined the Marvel Universe for years to come.

WandaVision (2021 MCU Series)

This critically acclaimed series serves as the definitive MCU story for the character. Set weeks after Avengers: Endgame, it follows a grief-stricken Wanda who, in a catastrophic burst of power, creates a pocket reality in Westview, New Jersey. She resurrects Vision, creates two sons, and traps the town's residents as cast members in a real-life sitcom that evolves through the decades of television history. The series is a profound and surreal exploration of her trauma and grief. It forces her to confront the consequences of her actions and, in a final battle with Agatha Harkness, consciously embrace her fated identity as the legendary Scarlet Witch, unlocking a new level of power and understanding.

Part 6: Variants and Alternative Versions

See Also

Notes and Trivia

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

1)
In her first appearance in The X-Men #4, the colorist mistakenly colored her costume green instead of her signature red.
2)
The 2014 retcon that removed Wanda and Pietro's status as mutants and the children of Magneto was highly controversial among fans. Many speculated it was driven by film rights issues between Marvel Studios (who could use the characters as Avengers) and 20th Century Fox (who controlled the X-Men and mutants).
3)
Wanda's twin sons, Billy and Tommy, were not permanently erased from existence. Their souls were reincarnated into new bodies, and they grew up to become the powerful Young Avengers members Wiccan (a magic-user like his mother) and Speed (a speedster like his uncle). Wanda was eventually reunited with them.
4)
The term “Nexus Being” was first established in a 1992 issue of What If…? (Vol. 2 #35), which explained their importance to the timeline and the TVA's role in monitoring them.
5)
Key Reading List: The X-Men #4 (First Appearance), Avengers #16 (Joins Avengers), The Vision and the Scarlet Witch Vol. 2 (Has Children), Avengers Disassembled (Avengers #500-503), House of M #1-8, Avengers: The Children's Crusade (Reunion with her sons), Uncanny Avengers Vol. 2 #1-5 (Origin Retcon), House of X/Powers of X (Context for her status with Krakoa), The Trial of Magneto (Redemption arc).
6)
Elizabeth Olsen's portrayal of the Scarlet Witch in the MCU is widely credited with skyrocketing the character's mainstream popularity and making her a household name.