辅导班

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辅导班 [2025/08/12 21:04] – created xiaoer辅导班 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== fǔdǎo bān: 辅导班 - Tutoring Center, Cram School ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** fudao ban, fǔdǎo bān, 辅导班, Chinese tutoring center, cram school in China, after-school class, remedial class, test prep, Chinese education system, gaokao prep, HSK 5 +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the meaning of **辅导班 (fǔdǎo bān)**, a term central to understanding modern Chinese education. More than just "tutoring," a `辅导班` is a cram school or supplementary class that millions of students attend after their regular school day. This entry explores why these centers are a cultural phenomenon, their deep connection to the high-stakes `高考 (gāokǎo)` exam, and how they reflect the intense academic competition in China. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** fǔdǎo bān +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A private class, center, or school that offers supplementary academic instruction, exam preparation, or skill training outside of the regular school system. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Imagine your regular school day ends, but instead of going home to relax, you go to another school to get ahead in math, English, or science. That second school is a `辅导班`. In China, it's not just for students who are struggling; it's an extremely common, almost standard, practice for students aiming to excel in the country's fiercely competitive academic environment. It's a place for reinforcement, advanced learning, and, most importantly, preparing for life-changing exams. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **辅 (fǔ):** To assist, to supplement, or to guide. The character contains the radical for cart/vehicle (车), visually suggesting the idea of helping something or someone move forward. +
-  * **导 (dǎo):** To lead or to guide. This character is found in words like `导游 (dǎoyóu)` (tour guide) and `领导 (lǐngdǎo)` (leader). It implies showing the way. +
-  * **班 (bān):** Class, team, or group. This is the standard character for a class of students in a school. +
-The characters combine logically: `辅 (fǔ)` and `导 (dǎo)` together form the verb `辅导`, meaning "to tutor" or "to coach." Adding `班 (bān)` turns it into a noun, literally a "tutoring class" or "guidance group." +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-The concept of `辅导班` is deeply woven into the fabric of modern Chinese society and cannot be understood without appreciating the immense pressure of the Chinese education system. +
-At the heart of this pressure is the **`高考 (gāokǎo)`**, the National College Entrance Examination. A single score on this multi-day exam can determine a student's entire future—which university they can attend, what they can study, and consequently, their career prospects. This creates an environment of intense competition, often described by the modern buzzword **`内卷 (nèijuǎn)`** (involution or an internal rat race). +
-In this context, a `辅导班` is not seen as a remedial tool for struggling students, which is often the perception of "tutoring" in the West. Instead, it's a strategic weapon in an academic arms race. Parents invest significant portions of their income into `辅导班` to give their child any possible edge. Attending these classes is a symbol of diligence and a family's commitment to education as the primary path to social mobility. It is a shared experience—and burden—for an entire generation of urban youth. This phenomenon is very similar to Japan's `juku` (塾) or South Korea's `hagwon` (학원). +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-`辅导班` is a common term in everyday conversation, especially among families with school-aged children. +
-  * **Types of Classes:** The term covers a wide range of institutions. There are massive, publicly-listed companies like New Oriental (`新东方`) and TAL (`好未来`), as well as small, local centers. They can be for a specific subject (Math `辅导班`), exam prep (`高考`冲刺班 - Gaokao sprint class), or even non-academic skills like piano or art. +
-  * **The "Double Reduction" Policy:** In 2021, the Chinese government implemented the **`双减政策 (shuāngjiǎn zhèngcè)`** or "Double Reduction" policy, which severely cracked down on the for-profit after-school tutoring industry for core subjects. This dramatically changed the market, forcing many large `辅导班` to close or pivot to non-academic subjects. However, the underlying demand remains, and many tutoring activities have simply moved underground, becoming private one-on-one sessions (`家教 jiājiào`) or smaller, less conspicuous groups. +
-  * **Connotation:** The term is generally neutral and descriptive. However, it can carry a negative connotation when discussing student burnout, immense stress, or the heavy financial burden on parents. For students, it's often a source of complaint. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 我周末要去上**辅导班**，不能跟你出去玩了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ zhōumò yào qù shàng **fǔdǎo bān**, bùnéng gēn nǐ chūqù wán le. +
-    * English: I have to go to my tutoring class this weekend, so I can't hang out with you. +
-    * Analysis: A very common, almost cliché, sentence used by students. `上 (shàng)` is the verb used for attending a class. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 为了提高孩子的数学成绩，家长给她报了一个**辅导班**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wèile tígāo háizi de shùxué chéngjì, jiāzhǎng gěi tā bào le yí ge **fǔdǎo bān**. +
-    * English: In order to improve their child's math scores, the parents enrolled her in a tutoring center. +
-    * Analysis: `报 (bào)` means "to enroll" or "to sign up for." This phrasing is very typical when talking about signing up for any kind of class. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 这个英语**辅导班**的学费太贵了！ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè ge Yīngyǔ **fǔdǎo bān** de xuéfèi tài guì le! +
-    * English: The tuition for this English cram school is too expensive! +
-    * Analysis: Highlights the financial aspect, a common concern for families. `学费 (xuéfèi)` means tuition fee. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 你觉得上**辅导班**真的对高考有帮助吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ juéde shàng **fǔdǎo bān** zhēn de duì gāokǎo yǒu bāngzhù ma? +
-    * English: Do you think attending a cram school is actually helpful for the Gaokao? +
-    * Analysis: Shows a questioning attitude, touching on the debate around the effectiveness of these classes. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * “双减”政策以后，很多**辅导班**都关门了。 +
-    * Pinyin: "Shuāngjiǎn" zhèngcè yǐhòu, hěnduō **fǔdǎo bān** dōu guānmén le. +
-    * English: After the "Double Reduction" policy, many tutoring centers closed down. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence reflects the major social and economic shift in China after 2021. `关门 (guānmén)` literally means "to close the door," i.e., to go out of business. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 这家**辅导班**以其严格的管理和高升学率而闻名。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā **fǔdǎo bān** yǐ qí yángé de guǎnlǐ hé gāo shēngxuélǜ ér wénmíng. +
-    * English: This cram school is famous for its strict management and high university admission rates. +
-    * Analysis: `升学率 (shēngxuélǜ)` (school admission rate) is the key metric for judging the success of an exam-prep `辅导班`. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 我不想去**辅导班**，我想有点自己的时间。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ bùxiǎng qù **fǔdǎo bān**, wǒ xiǎng yǒudiǎn zìjǐ de shíjiān. +
-    * English: I don't want to go to tutoring class; I want to have some time for myself. +
-    * Analysis: Expresses the feeling of burnout and lack of free time experienced by many Chinese students. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 除了学校的作业，我还有**辅导班**的作业要做。 +
-    * Pinyin: Chúle xuéxiào de zuòyè, wǒ hái yǒu **fǔdǎo bān** de zuòyè yào zuò. +
-    * English: Besides my school homework, I also have homework from my tutoring center to do. +
-    * Analysis: This illustrates the "double burden" (`双重负担 shuāngchóng fùdān`) that students face. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 老师，您能推荐一个好点的物理**辅导班**吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Lǎoshī, nín néng tuījiàn yí ge hǎodiǎn de wùlǐ **fǔdǎo bān** ma? +
-    * English: Teacher, could you recommend a decent physics tutoring center? +
-    * Analysis: A common way for parents or students to seek advice on finding a quality `辅导班`. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 现在的**辅导班**市场竞争非常激烈。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xiànzài de **fǔdǎo bān** shìchǎng jìngzhēng fēicháng jīliè. +
-    * English: The market for tutoring centers is extremely competitive right now. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence describes the business side of the `辅导班` industry. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **`辅导班` vs. School Class:** A common mistake is to use `辅导班` to refer to a regular class within a student's main school. `辅导班` is always supplementary and outside the main curriculum. Your mandatory 9 a.m. history class is a `课 (kè)`, not a `辅导班`. +
-  * **`辅导班` vs. `补习班 (bǔxí bān)`:** These terms are often used interchangeably, but there's a subtle difference. `补习班` has a stronger connotation of being remedial. The character `补 (bǔ)` means to mend, patch, or make up for a deficiency. So, a `补习班` is specifically for students who need to "catch up." `辅导班` is more neutral and general; it can be for catching up, reinforcing knowledge, or getting ahead of the curve. In reality, most people use `辅导班` as the default term for all types. +
-  * **`辅导班` vs. "Tutoring":** While `辅导班` is translated as "tutoring center," remember that the default image in a Chinese speaker's mind is a **group class**, not a one-on-one session. One-on-one private tutoring is more accurately called **`家教 (jiājiào)`**, which literally means "home teaching." +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[补习班]] (bǔxí bān) - A cram school, often with a stronger emphasis on remedial help for students who are behind. +
-  * [[家教]] (jiājiào) - A private, one-on-one tutor, often who comes to the student's home. The individual person, not the institution. +
-  * [[高考]] (gāokǎo) - The National College Entrance Examination. The primary driver for the existence of most academic `辅导班`. +
-  * [[应试教育]] (yìngshì jiàoyù) - "Exam-oriented education." A critical term for the educational philosophy that prioritizes test scores above all else, fueling the `辅导班` industry. +
-  * [[内卷]] (nèijuǎn) - "Involution." A popular slang term describing the intense, zero-sum internal competition where people feel they must overwork just to maintain their current standing. +
-  * [[双减政策]] (shuāngjiǎn zhèngcè) - The "Double Reduction" policy of 2021, which aimed to reduce the burdens of homework and after-school tutoring on students. +
-  * [[教育]] (jiàoyù) - Education. The broader field and cultural value system in which `辅导班` operates. +
-  * [[学生]] (xuésheng) - Student. The primary "consumer" of `辅导班`.+